Method and apparatus for making paper



R. B- DANIEL-S METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING PAPER June 8 192s. 1,587,699

Filed Sept. 16, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l avwmdtoz Ruperl' BDam eis.

June 8 1926. 1,587,699

R. B. DANIELS METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING PAPER Filed Sept. 16, 1925. ZSheets-Sheet 2 Qwvwtoz Ruperl' B. Daniels. 3513 flbiiome/ Patented June 8, 1926.

UNITED STATES RUPERT B. DANIELS, OF ADAMS, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD AND AEPABATUES FOR MAKING PAPER.

Application filed September 16, 1925. Serial No. 56,598.

This invention relates to the art of paper making and pertains more particularly to the making of paper having certain definite portions of thickness difierent from that of other definite portions thereof.

It is an object of this: invention to provide a method and apparatus which shall produce such paper expeditiously and efficiently.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear hereinafter.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention more or less semi-diagrammatically, Figure 1 being a plan View, F igure 2 being a side elevation certain parts being; shown in section to better illustrate the invention Figure 3 is a detail perspective view, Figure 4 is an enlarged detail view partly broken away, and Figure 5 is a section on the line 55 of Figure t.

For purposes of convenience of description the invention has been illustrated as applied to the ordinary Fourdrinier paper making machine in which the stock comprising fibrous material and Water is flowed in a liquid state onto a moving wire through which the water is permitted to percolate gradually, leaving the fibrous mass forming the web. In such machines the wire is caused to travel continuously at a uniform rate and the flow of stock onto the wire is ordinarily controlled by slices or bars extending across the path of the wire, said slices being arranged to permit a substantially uniform rate of flow of stock thereunder to form a web of uniform thick ness.

According to the present invention, it is proposed to form a web in which the fibrous mass constituting certain defined portirms thereof of a different thickness from that constituting other portions there of, and this result is accomplished by de positing the stockor pulp to form the web in a layer having different thicknesses at desired different portions thereof. In the present embodiment applied to the Four-drinier machine it is proposed to control the flow of stock past the usual slices in such manner as to provide a given rate of flow at certain points and to provide a different rate of flow atother points, the web formed by so controlling the flow of the stock hav ing defined portions of different thicknesses. Inasmuch as the web thus formed is still in a more or less fluid state after formation,

it is proposed, in addition, to maintain it in the condition in which formed until sufficient water has been removed therefrom so that there is no tendency for the pulp to flow from one portion to another.

Referring to the drawings, liquid stock from the flow box 1 passes from the flow box over the lip 2 and over the apron 3 onto the wire l which passes about the breast roll 4 in the usual manner. As the stock flows along in the direction of the arrows it passes under the first slice 5 which is adjusted with respect to the wire 42 in such manner as to restrict the flow of stock somewhat before passing to the seconc. slice The second slice is arranged somewhat nearer to the wire 4: than the first slice and ordinarily permits the flow of stock thereunder to form a web 7 of uniform thickness.

According to the present invention there are provided at intervals along the second slice means for additionally controlling the flow of stock to form the web such that a different rate of flow is permitted thereunucr at these points. In the present embodiment the rate of flow of stock at such points has been controlled to form portions of less thickness than the remainder of the web, this control being effected in the present instance by securing to the second slice an obstruction in the form of a Uwhaped plate 8 which may be secured to the slice in. any suitable manner. In the present embodiment the plate 8 is bolted to the slice and an elongated slot 9 may be provided in the plate to permit vertical adjustment of the plate and an elongated slot 10 may be provided in the slice to permit lateral djustment of the plate.

As will be apparent, this obstruction attached to the slice restricts the flow or stock thereunder to a greater extent than along the remainder of the slice, and the web formed beyond the slice, therefore, is of thickness at this point because a less quantity of fibrous material has been deposited on the wire.

As previously noted, the pulpy mass formingthe web is still in a more or less fluid condition after formation by passing under the second slice. Accordingly, it is desirable under certain conditions to maintain the web in the condition in which it is formed to prevent thepr'ilp rom the thicker portiens nit web :5. ....1win;r ever inte thinner portions to practically obliterate the thinner portions already formed. It

has been found that the application of fluid pressure to the thinnerportions-of the: web is effective for this purpose, sutiicient pressure being applied" to -me-rely preventi the. flow of pulp from one area to another it not eing sought to accomplish flow by this means. In the present embodiment air under pressure-has been used for this .purpose and is applied through a pipe 11:

The'pipe 11 is provided with a series of openings 12' arranged longitudinally along the under side thereof, and each opening has associated therewith a battle or deflecting plate 13 to deflect the' incoming air current to preventthe direct application thereof to the moist pulp in order to prevent disturbanceof the fibers forming the web atthis point:

On both' sides of'the pipe and extending longitudinally thereoit throughout substantially its entire length are side walls or curtains 14c, con'iprising in the present embodiment'simply that metal plates secured to the sides of the pipe inany suitable manner.

The pipe 11 is connected to a header 15 through the flexible hose 16 and'the header may be connected to a suitable-blower or other source ofair pressure through the conduit 15.'

Any suitable member or" the pipes ll'may be useddepending-upon. the number of'por tions. of less. thickness which it: may be desiredltoform in the sheet. Gneot'the pipes liter the application of fluid pressure to holdlthestock in the condition inwhich depositedion the .wire is provided, of course, for each portion of less thickness.

Eachot the pipes 11 may be conveniently supportedby the usual cross rods 17 forv the decliie frames and maybe attachedthereto by any suitable means. In the: present embodiment .means are provided by which the pipes may be adjusted vertically. with respect to the cross rods and the wire in order that the: pipes maybe conveniently bro ght into proper relationship with the web b 7 formed. Such ineans may comprise simply threaded, bolts18 passing through .the. straps supporting the. pipes, which bolts'may be turnecbto raise or: lower the pipes desired.

As will. be'appa-rent, the pipes liwith their attached fins or curtains 14 forman elongated :hood through which air pressure may be applied to the web in sufficient quantity the-second slice 6 in 'orderthat the fluid pressure may be appliedlto thetweb' immediately after'formation thereof, and beiorethe pulp has opportunity to flow from one area to another. In order'to' better prevent the undesirable'tlow of pulp immediately b ack of the second sliee where the pulpis still'in a very fluid condition, an opening l9'may be provided'in the pipexlliat the .forward'end thereofthrough which a current'ot 'airgmay be directed-onto thepul-p immediately behind' the slice. It willbe understood, however, that, as in the case of the remainder'ot theweb, the air pressure applied at this point is. suiiioient' only toprevent'inflow of pulp and :is notsufiicient to. displace the pulp or to induce flow in the'other direction.

The adjustment of'the air pressure applied isva matter oi some llllp'OltfillCC,-l)ut due to the varying conditions encountered in the manufacturing process, no satisfactoryruleas tofits ainount'canbe given. Ditierent rates of flow 'ofthe stock, different qualities ot'stoek, andeven differentatmosph'eric conditions may operate tolvary the air pressurerequiredrf The-proper pressure may easily be determined by a, skilled operator, however, by observance ot'the. apparatus in operation, for the pressure appliedshouldin no case be suiticient to cause the pulp to. beexirudet beneath the truss 14 In fact, in order to avoid this result with. the-accompanying undesirablev ridge= which. wool l..l')..f011119(l thereby on either side otthe portion of less thickness, vit is. preferable to reducethe air pressure toa point where some inflow of pulpinay result,.asthis has no ill efi'ecton.

the finishedpaper, altl1ough'..it.will be under" stood: that, the, ideal. condition is that in which no. flow occurs .ineither direction;

it is to be understood that the invention within the scope ofthe subjoinedsclai I claim asmy. invention:

1: In-a. paper making:machine, in com bination Fourdrinier: wire,. a. slice arranged to cooperate therewithv to.- restrict:

the. flow ot stock to forina-webof desired thickness, ,means-to additionally restrictthe flowor" stock at designated intervals along saidshoe to formdesignated areas of. less thickness,-, and meanszrto applytair. pressureto said areas of less thickness, said means including a hood having side walls adapted to extend into the pulp forming the web to form an air seal.

2. In a pa er making machine, in combination, a ourdrinier wire, a slice arranged to cooperate therewith to restrict the flow of stock to form a web of desired thickness, means to additionally restrict the flow of stock at designated intervals along said slice to form designated areas of less thickness, and means to apply air pressure to said areas of less thickness, said means including a conduit having a plurality of openings distributed along its under side, said conduit being also provided with side walls adapted to extend into the pulp forming the web to form an air seal.

3. In a paper making machine, in combination, a Fourdrinier wire, a slice ar ranged to cooperate therewith to restrict the flow of stock to form a web of desired thickness, means toadditionally restrict the flow of stock at designated intervals along said slice to form designated areas of less thickness, and means to apply air pressureto said areas of less thickness, said means including a conduit having a plurality of openings distributed along its under side, said openings being provided with means for deflecting the incoming air current to prevent the direct application thereof to the web, said conduit being also provided with side walls adapted to extend into the pulp forming the web to form an air seal.

4. In a paper making machine, in combination, a Fourdrinier wire, a slice arranged to cooperate therewith to restrict the flow of stock to form a web of desired thickness, means to additionally restrict the flow of stock at designated intervals along said slice to form designated areas of less thickness, and means to apply air pressure to said areas of less thickness, said means including a hood extending longitudinally of said wire from a point adjacent said slice to a point at which the pulp forming the web is set, said hood being provided with side walls adapted to extend into the pulp forming the web to form an air seal.

In a paper making machine, in com bination, a Fourdrinier wire, a slice arranged to cooperate therewith to restrict the flow of stock to form a web of desired thickness, means to additionally restrict the flow of stock at designated intervals along said slice to form designated areas of less thick ness, and means to apply air pressure to said areas of less thickness, said means inchiding a hood extending longitudinally oi said wire from a point adjacent said slice to a point at which the pulp forming the web is set, said hood being provided with openin gs through, which air under pressure may be supplied thereto, said openings being provided with means to deflect the incoming air current to prevent the direct application thereof to the web, said hood being also provided with side walls adapted to extend into the pulp forming the web to form an air seal.

6. In a paper making machine, in combination, a Fourdrinier wire, a Slice arranged to cooperate therewith to restrict the flow of stock to form a web of desired thick ness means to additionally restrict the How of stock at designated intervals along said slice to form designated areas of less thick ness, and means to apply air pressure to said areas of less thickness, said means including a hood extending longitudinally of said wire from a point adjacent said slice to a point at which the pulp forming the web is set, said hood being provided with openings through which air under pressure may be supplied thereto, said openings being provided with means to deflect the incoming air current to prevent the direct application thereof to the web, said hood being pro vided with an additional opening arranged closely adjacent said slice through which a direct current of air may be directed at the web immediately behind said slice, said hood being also provided with side walls adapted to extend into the pulp forming the web to form an air seal.

'7. A method of applying air pressure to a continuously moving web of pulpy ma terial to maintain defined areas of different thicknesses, which consists in applying to the areas of less thickness a confined current of air under pressure, the web itsclt forming one of the walls confining the air.

5. The method of applying air pressure to a continuously moving web of pulpy material to maintain. defined areas of dili'erent thicknesses, which consists in applying to the areas of less thickness a confined current of air under pressure, the web itself torming one or: the walls confining the air, the air pressure applied being suliicient only to pre rent flow of pulp from one area to another In testimony whereof, I have signed. my name to this specification this 11th day ot September, 1925.

RUPERT DANIELS. 

